Some studies have found that taking vitamin C supplements can reduce the duration and severity of colds, particularly in individuals with low vitamin C levels or under high physical stress. However, results are mixed, and more research is needed to establish the effectiveness of vitamin C for this purpose.

Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that can help protect cells from oxidative damage caused by free radicals. This can potentially reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and Alzheimer's.

Vitamin C can enhance the absorption of iron from plant-based foods by reducing it to a more absorbable form. This can potentially help prevent iron deficiency anemia.

Some studies have suggested that vitamin C intake may reduce the risk of cataracts, a condition characterized by clouding of the eye's lens that can lead to vision loss.

Riboflavin plays a key role in energy production. It helps break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

Riboflavin is necessary for maintaining good eye health and may prevent certain eye conditions like cataracts.

Riboflavin plays a vital role in maintaining healthy skin and hair. It is often used in treatments for skin disorders, including acne and dermatitis.

Adequate protein intake is essential for muscle growth and maintenance, as it provides the necessary amino acids for muscle synthesis and repair.

Protein has a high satiety value, which can help reduce hunger and calorie intake, supporting weight loss and weight management.

Higher protein intake has been associated with better bone health and a reduced risk of osteoporosis, due to its role in bone structure.

Protein is essential for the production of antibodies and immune cells, helping to maintain a strong and healthy immune system.

Protein is necessary for the repair and maintenance of various tissues in the body, including skin, hair, and nails.

Selenium's role as an antioxidant is one of the most well-known and often cited benefits. This mineral is a key part of several enzymes necessary for protecting the body against oxidative damage and infection.

Selenium's crucial role in thyroid hormone metabolism is widely recognized. It contributes to converting thyroid hormone T4 (thyroxine) into its active form T3 (triiodothyronine).

Selenium's role in enhancing the immune system's response to infections is another commonly cited benefit. It's believed to boost the body's defense against bacterial and viral infections.

Niacin has been shown to lower LDL cholesterol levels, which may help reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Niacin can help increase HDL cholesterol levels, improving the overall cholesterol profile and supporting heart health.

Niacin plays a vital role in the production of various neurotransmitters, supporting cognitive function and mental health.

Some research suggests that niacin may help improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes by enhancing insulin sensitivity.

Niacin has anti-inflammatory properties and can help improve skin health by reducing redness, inflammation, and symptoms of certain skin conditions.

Vitamin B-12 is essential for the production of red blood cells in the body. Deficiency can lead to a specific type of anemia called megaloblastic anemia.

Vitamin B-12 is needed for proper brain function and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. It may also play a role in preventing brain atrophy and memory loss associated with aging.

Vitamin B-12 is often touted for its role in energy production. It helps convert the food you eat into glucose, which gives you energy.

Allicin is recognized for its potential effects on heart health, particularly for improving cholesterol levels, reducing blood pressure, and slowing the progression of atherosclerosis.

Allicin has been linked with antiviral, and antibacterial effects

Garlic contains antioxidants that support the body's protective mechanisms against oxidative damage. This may have benefits for long-term health, including reduced risk of Alzheimer's.

Garlic has been found to boost the function of the immune system. Some studies have shown that regular consumption of garlic extract can reduce the risk of getting a cold or flu.

In particular, lowering the risk of cancer.

Some studies have suggested that limonin may have anticancer properties due to its ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

Research indicates that limonin may have hepatoprotective effects, potentially supporting liver health and reducing the risk of liver diseases.

Some studies have found that limonin may possess anti-inflammatory properties, which could help reduce inflammation and related conditions.

Phytosterols in the diet could help lower cholesterol levels.

Olive oil contains a number of compounds that have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and Alzheimer's.

Olive oil is rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, which have been shown to have cardiovascular benefits such as reducing LDL ("bad") cholesterol and reducing the risk of heart disease.

Some studies have suggested that olive oil consumption may be associated with improved cognitive function and reduced risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Olive oil has been shown to have a number of digestive health benefits, including reducing inflammation, improving gut microbiota, and reducing the risk of digestive disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease.

Some studies have suggested that olive oil consumption may be associated with a reduced risk of certain types of cancer, including breast and colorectal cancer. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Studies have shown that quercetin can inhibit inflammation and reduce oxidative stress, which can contribute to chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.

Research has suggested that quercetin may have cardioprotective effects, such as reducing blood pressure, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and improving endothelial function. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Some studies have found that quercetin supplementation may improve endurance exercise performance and reduce fatigue. However, results are mixed, and more research is needed to establish the effectiveness of quercetin for this purpose.

Studies have shown that quercetin can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in cancer cells and inhibit the growth and spread of tumors in animal studies. However, more research is needed to determine its effectiveness in humans.

Some studies have suggested that quercetin may have neuroprotective effects and improve cognitive function in animal models and human trials.

Quercetin could have the ability to counteract PCOS complications.

Onion consumption has been shown to have cardioprotective effects

Vitamin K plays a key role in maintaining bone health. It is involved in the modification of osteocalcin, a protein that strengthens the composition of bones.

Vitamin K is believed to help prevent the hardening of arteries, which can reduce the risk of heart disease.

Lycopene has antioxidant properties that help neutralize free radicals and prevent cellular damage, lowering the risk of cancer.

Lycopene aids in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to better overall cardiovascular health.

Some studies have found that lycopene supplementation can reduce markers of inflammation in the body, which may help protect against chronic diseases like heart disease and cancer.

Lycopene may help protect against UV damage and improve skin texture and hydration, although more research is needed to establish its effectiveness.

Studies have found that lycopene supplementation may improve sperm quality and reduce oxidative stress in men with fertility problems. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings.

Beta carotene show promise in preventing macular degeneration

Paella

Water

Energy

Nitrogen

Protein

Total lipid (fat)

Carbohydrate, by difference

Fiber, total dietary

Calcium, Ca

Iron, Fe

Magnesium, Mg

Phosphorus, P

Potassium, K

Zinc, Zn

Copper, Cu

Manganese, Mn

Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid

Thiamin

Riboflavin

Niacin

Vitamin B-6

Biotin

Folate, total

Energy (by joule)

Sodium, Na

Selenium, Se

Pantothenic acid

Vitamin B-12

Vitamin A, RAE

Retinol

Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)

Tocopherol, gamma

Tocotrienol, alpha

Tocotrienol, gamma

Vitamin D (D2 + D3), International Units

Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)

SFA 4:0

SFA 6:0

SFA 8:0

SFA 12:0

SFA 14:0

SFA 15:0

SFA 16:0

SFA 17:0

SFA 18:0

SFA 20:0

SFA 22:0

MUFA 16:1 c

MUFA 17:1

MUFA 18:1 c

MUFA 20:1

MUFA 24:1 c

PUFA 18:2 n-6 c,c

PUFA 18:2 CLAs

PUFA 18:3 n-3 c,c,c (ALA)

PUFA 18:3 n-6 c,c,c

PUFA 20:2 n-6 c,c

PUFA 20:4 n-6

PUFA 20:4

PUFA 20:5 n-3 (EPA)

PUFA 22:4

PUFA 22:5 n-3 (DPA)

PUFA 22:6 n-3 (DHA)

TFA 16:1 t

TFA 18:1 t

TFA 18:2 t not further defined

Cholesterol

Sugars, total including NLEA

Folate, food

Folate, DFE

Choline, total

Carotene, beta

Vitamin A, IU

Lutein + zeaxanthin

Vitamin K (phylloquinone)

Fatty acids, total saturated

SFA 10:0

Fatty acids, total monounsaturated

MUFA 18:1

Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated

PUFA 18:2

PUFA 18:3

Tryptophan

Threonine

Isoleucine

Leucine

Lysine

Methionine

Cystine

Phenylalanine

Tyrosine

Valine

Arginine

Histidine

Alanine

Aspartic acid

Glutamic acid

Glycine

Proline

Serine

Bell Pepper

Chicken (Dark Meat)

Garlic

Lemon

Olive Oil

Onion

Parsley

Rice

Shrimp

Tomato

Chicken Stock

Squid

Saffron

Paprika

The severe, acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19 that was first reported in China in December 2019 quickly became a global pandemic that has resulted in over 100 million infections and more than 2 million deaths.

COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Preventive Measures of University Students in Bahrain.

Sodium iron ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (NaFeEDTA) has been recommended for food fortification programmes to improve iron status but its performance in commercial products has not been evaluated. The effect of EDTA on iron absorption from fortified cornflakes, given as part of a typical Western breakfast, was determined in a double-blind randomised study with 20 non-anaemic female volunteers, using experimentally prepared iron compounds, enriched with 58Fe, and faecal monitoring. Five meals were compared: hydrogen reduced iron, hydrogen reduced iron plus Na2EDTA (molar ratio EDTA:Fe 1:2), hydrogen reduced iron plus NaFe(III)EDTA at two different molar ratios (EDTA:total Fe 1:3 and 1:2), and hydrogen reduced iron plus 15 mg ascorbic acid (ascorbic acid:Fe 1.3:1). The iron and EDTA compounds were accurately weighed into gelatine capsules and taken with unfortified cornflakes, semi-skimmed milk and tea on two consecutive days; the iron dose per meal was 3.75 mg. Iron absorption from all five test meals was measured in each volunteer with a minimum wash-out period of 2 weeks between tests. Geometric mean iron absorption (%) from the 5 tests was 14.1, 17.6, 20.6, 24.4 and 17.5 respectively (equivalent to 0.5-0.9 mg absorbed iron). There was a significantly higher iron absorption from the mixture of reduced iron and NaFe(III)EDTA (EDTA:Fe 1:2) than from reduced iron alone (p = 0.014). It is not known whether the higher absorption was from reduced iron or NaFeEDTA or both. Absorption was not increased significantly with NaFe(III)EDTA (EDTA:Fe 1:3), Na2EDTA (EDTA:Fe 1:2) or ascorbic acid (15 mg).

Iron absorption from a breakfast cereal: effects of EDTA compounds and ascorbic acid.

Hypovitaminosis C is frequent in populations at risk (men who live alone, old people, homelessness, patients with psychiatric diseases, foodfaddists,...) and is underestimated in the general population.

[Vitamin C deficiency].

A large scale double-blind trial was conducted to test the claim that the intake of one gram of vitamin C per day substantially reduces the frequency and duration of "colds". It was found that in terms of the average number of colds and days of sickness per subject the vitamin group experienced less illness than the placebo group, but the differences were smaller than have been claimed and were statistically not significant. However, there was a statistically significant difference (P <0.05) between the two groups in the number of subjects who remained free of illness throughout the study period. Furthermore the subjects receiving the vitamin experienced approximately 30% fewer total days of disability (confined to the house or off work) than those receiving the placebo, and this difference was statistically highly significant (P <0.001). The reduction in disability appeared to be due to a lower incidence of constitutional symptoms such as chills and severe malaise, and was seen in all types of acute illness, including those which did not involve the upper respiratory tract.

Vitamin C and the common cold: a double-blind trial.

The combination therapy of hydrocortisone, vitamin C, and thiamine has been proposed as a potential treatment in patients with sepsis and septic shock. However, subsequent trials have reported conflicting results in relation to survival outcomes. Hence, we performed this randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early combination therapy among adult patients with septic shock.

Early administration of hydrocortisone, vitamin C, and thiamine in adult patients with septic shock: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Oxidative stress has been implicated in cataractogenesis. Long-term intake of antioxidants may offer protection against cataract.

Antioxidant nutrient intake and the long-term incidence of age-related cataract: the Blue Mountains Eye Study.

Yellow-fleshed potatoes biofortified with iron have been developed through conventional breeding, but the bioavailability of iron is unknown.

Total Iron Absorbed from Iron-Biofortified Potatoes Is Higher than that from Nonbiofortified Potatoes: A Randomized Trial Using Stable Iron Isotopes in Women from the Peruvian Highlands.

Melasma is a very common skin problem that is much more prevalent in women. In our society, it results in many psycho-social implications and eventually leads to an impaired quality of life. Many treatment modalities have been developed for it. However, in recent years resistant forms of melasma have emerged that are unresponsive to the usual first line treatment options. Thus, this study is being conducted to explore new treatment modalities for this disease by using micro-needling with vitamin C and tranexamic acid.

Split-Face Comparative Analysis Of Micro-Needling With Tranexamic Acid Vs Vitamin C Serum In Melasma.

Airway infection leads to progressive damage of the lungs in cystic fibrosis and oxidative stress has been implicated in the etiology. Supplementation of antioxidant micronutrients (vitamin E, vitamin C, ß-carotene and selenium) or glutathione may therefore potentially help maintain an oxidant-antioxidant balance. Current literature suggests a relationship between oxidative status and lung function.

Antioxidant supplementation for lung disease in cystic fibrosis.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cultivars on the concentration of antioxidant compounds: total carotenoid content (TC) and vitamin C (VC), and their correlation with the total antioxidant activity (TAA) in 65 potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum) from 10 countries. The TC content revealed a highly significant effect of the year (Y), cultivar (C) and flesh colour (FC). The TC ranged from 101.5 µg 100 g-1 DM (in cv. Kelly) to 715 µg 100 g-1 DM (in cv. Mayan Gold). The TC values were weakly correlated with years and higher in yellow-fleshed potatoes than in white-fleshed potatoes (319.9 vs. 175.6 µg 100 g-1 DM, respectively). The VC content ranged from 1.0 mg 100 g-1 FM (in cv. Bzura) to 14.8 mg 100 g-1 FM (in cv. Twinner). The content of VC were higher in yellow-fleshed (6.5 mg 100 g-1 FM) than in white-fleshed potatoes (5.8 mg 100 g-1 FM). The highest TAA were observed in cvs. Colleen, Basa, Triplo, Gatsby, Ditta, Twinner, Riviera, Michalina, Damaris, Belmonda, Ambo, Savinja, 12-LHI-6. For these cultivars, the FRAP values were 0.53 µmol TE 100 mg-1 DM and DPPH 0.55 µmol TE 100 mg-1 DM. The lowest TAA were observed in cvs.: Owacja, Mayan Gold, Kokra, Magnolia and Kelly. For them, the FRAP and DPPH values were slightly above 0.2 µmol TE 100 mg-1 DM. It was shown that the concentration of TC in potato tubers has an impact on TAA.

The Content of Total Carotenoids, Vitamin C and Antioxidant Properties of 65 Potato Cultivars Characterised under the European Project ECOBREED.

Many cancer patients on intensive chemotherapy lack vitamin C. Vitamin C stimulates the production and activation of immune cells, so perhaps supplementation could be used to improve the immunity in those patients. This review assesses the effectiveness and safety of vitamin C administration in cancer. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched and all study designs except for phase I studies, and case reports were included in this review. A total of 19 trials were included. In only 4 trials randomization was used to determine if patients received vitamin C or a placebo. The result of this review does not prove that there is a clinically relevant positive effect of vitamin C supplementation in cancer patients in general on the overall survival, clinical status, quality of life (QOL) and performance status (PS), since the quality of the studies published is low. Interventions and patient groups are very diverse, hence an effect in some patient groups is possible. There seems to be a better effect with intravenous than oral administration. Nevertheless, treatment with vitamin C is safe with minimal side effects. Thereby, we think it is safe to examine the effects of vitamin C on specific groups of patients in a randomized controlled setting.

The Effect of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) in the Treatment of Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Oxidative stress induced by the production of reactive oxygen species may play a critical role in the stimulation of HIV replication and the development of immunodeficiency. This study was conducted as there are limited and inconclusive studies on the significance of a novel early marker of oxidative stress which can reflect the total antioxidant capacity in HIV patients,

Total antioxidant capacity--a novel early bio-chemical marker of oxidative stress in HIV infected individuals.

Randomized trials have shown that vitamin C shortens the duration of common colds. Some trials reported greater effects on severe cold symptoms compared with mild symptoms. This review systematically compares the effects of vitamin C on severe and mild common cold symptoms.

Vitamin C reduces the severity of common colds: a meta-analysis.

Many studies have shown that bioactive compounds, for example, polyphenols, and so on can play an important role in reducing oxidative stress and protect against various diseases. The sources of these compounds in the human diet include mainly fruit and good quality fruit juices, which may contain polyphenols but also other phytochemicals such as vitamin C. The purpose of the study was to analyze the antioxidant properties of vitamin C-rich juices, which underwent mild processing. The content of total polyphenols (TP, FBBB), total flavonoids (TF), total anthocyanins (TA), and vitamin C as well as the antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS) were evaluated in commercial fruit juices rich in vitamin C (acerola, gojiberry, sea buckthorn, wild rose, cranberry, Japanese quince). Moreover, phenolic acids and selected flavonoids were determined by HPLC methods. Among the examined fruit juices, acerola and wild rose juices contained the highest amounts of vitamin C and total polyphenols, and had the highest antioxidant capacity. Acerola owes its high antioxidant properties mainly to vitamin C, whereas the antioxidant capacity of wild rose is also attributed to its rich content of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Sea buckthorn juice and Japanese quince juice had a lower antioxidant capacity, yet higher than determined for gojiberry and cranberry juices. Total anthocyanins were the highest in cranberry juice. The results showed that the analyzed juices were a valuable source of natural antioxidants. Generally, vitamin C-rich juices are also good source of polyphenols. Vitamin C and polyphenols act synergistically and define the antioxidant properties of juices.

Antioxidant Properties and Phenolic Compounds of Vitamin C-Rich Juices.

Background There is renewed interest in high-dose vitamin C interventions in clinical medicine due to its antioxidant properties, safe use and cost-effectiveness. Yet, randomised control trials (RCTs) employing these interventions are failing to include robust analytical methodology and proper sample handling and processing techniques. Consequently, comparisons between studies becomes impossible as there is no metrological traceability and results may be prone to pre-analytical errors. Content Through published vitamin C stability studies, method comparison papers and data from vitamin C external quality assurance programs, an assessment was made on the functionality of current methods for critically ill patient samples. Summary Data was obtained from two external quality assurance programs, two papers assessing sample stability and interlaboratory agreement and a publication on vitamin C method comparisons. A shift from spectrophotometric and enzymatic methodologies to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) greatly improved the variability and interlaboratory agreement. Therefore, the current analytical performance of vitamin C HPLC methodologies are acceptable for the requirements of a high-dose vitamin C RCTs. Outlook Recommendations across the total testing process of vitamin C have been provided to improve the quality of the results. The harmonisation of sample handling and processing procedures will further improve the reliability of current analytical methodologies.

Vitamin C measurement in critical illness: challenges, methodologies and quality improvements.

The role of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in the prevention and treatment of the common cold has been a subject of controversy for 60 years, but is widely sold and used as both a preventive and therapeutic agent.

Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold.

Vanadium (V) is an element with a wide range of effects on the mammalian organism. The ability of this metal to form organometallic compounds has contributed to the increase in the number of studies on the multidirectional biological activity of its various organic complexes in view of their application in medicine.

Vanadium: Risks and possible benefits in the light of a comprehensive overview of its pharmacotoxicological mechanisms and multi-applications with a summary of further research trends.

Food-to-food fortification (FtFF) with moringa leaf (iron source) and/or baobab fruit (citric acid and ascorbic acid source) (each 13-15 g/100 g porridge dry basis (db)) was studied to improve iron and zinc nutritive quality in African-type wholegrain maize-based porridges using in vitro dialysability assay. Moringa FtFF decreased percentage and total bioaccessible iron and zinc, by up to 84% and 45%, respectively. Moringa was very high in calcium, approximately 3% db and calcium-iron-phytate complexes inhibit iron bioavailability. Baobab FtFF increased percentage and total bioaccessible iron and zinc, especially in porridges containing carrot + mango (β-carotene source) and conventionally fortified with FeSO4, by up to 111% and 60%, respectively. The effects were similar to those when ascorbic and citric acids were added as mineral absorption enhancers. While moringa FtFF could be inhibitory to iron and zinc bioavailability in cereal-based porridges, baobab fruit FtFF could improve their bioavailability, especially in combination with conventional iron fortification.

eat a plum

Paella

Ingredients

Directions

Recipes

Nutrients per serving

Benefits

Notes

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